• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A magnetic field shield (1) has at least one layer (3, 4) of a non-grain-oriented ferromagnetic material for shielding electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0 Hz to 1000 Hz. The at least one layer (3, 4) leads to a good shielding effect at low cost.
    公开号:AT12739U1
    申请号:TGM521/2010U
    申请日:2010-08-23
    公开日:2012-10-15
    发明作者:Reto Breitenmoser；Robert Hauri
    申请人:Reto Breitenmoser；Robert Hauri；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Austrian Patent Office AT12 739U1 2012-10-15
    description
    MAGNETIC FIELD SHIELDING FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE OF 0 HZ TO 50 KHZ
    The invention relates to a magnetic field shield for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 50 kHz, in particular from 0 Hz to 1 kHz, and in particular from 1 Hz to 1 kHz, according to the preamble of claim 1.
    From EP 1 241 926 B1 a magnetic field shield for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 1000 Hz is known, which is composed of at least three layers. Two layers consist of a grain-oriented iron rolling material and are arranged in such a way that their textures are transverse to each other. A third layer is made of a non-ferromagnetic material, such as aluminum. In large-scale magnetic field shields, for example, for rooms, ceilings or floors of buildings, there is a constant need to improve the shielding and reduce costs.
    From US 5,045,637 A, a magnetic field shield is known, which has four non-oriented silicon steel layers, each having a thickness of 0.35 mm. The magnetic field shield is particularly suitable for low magnetic fields.
    The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a magnetic field shield of the generic type, which can be produced at low cost and has a good shielding.
    This object is achieved by a magnetic field shield with the features of claim 1. According to the invention, it has been recognized that a better shielding effect is achieved by the at least one layer of the non-grain-oriented ferromagnetic material for a multiplicity of applications than in magnetic field shielding with layers of grain-oriented iron rolling material. This results from the fact that the non-grain oriented ferromagnetic material has an isotropic electromagnetic conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding effect is accordingly equally good for each field line direction. In contrast, the known from the prior art layers of the grain-oriented iron rolling material in the respective preferred direction in comparison to the at least one layer of the non-grain-oriented material better electromagnetic conductivity and therefore a better shielding effect, since the orientation of the preferred directions regularly is not optimal to the field line direction, results from this better electromagnetic conductivity regularly no better shielding effect. In addition, non-grain oriented ferromagnetic materials are cheaper to manufacture than the grain oriented iron rolling material, so the cost of magnetic field shielding is relatively low.
    The magnetic field shielding can be used for shielding electromagnetic Gleichfel-countries (0 Hz) and / or for shielding electromagnetic alternating fields (1 Hz to 50 kHz). Depending on the required shielding effect, the magnetic field shield may comprise one, two or more layers of the non-grain oriented ferromagnetic material. The individual layers are, for example, contiguous and / or overlapping plates with a thickness in the range of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, in particular in the range of 0.35 mm to 1.0 mm, and in particular in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. As a material, for example, a non-grain-oriented, highly permeable silicon-iron alloy and / or a non-grain-oriented, highly permeable, annealed nickel-iron alloy can be used.
    In addition, non-grain materials can be easier to edit and assemble. Due to the grain orientation, iron rolling materials are comparatively brittle, so that they easily break during rolling in the rolling direction. This results in grain-oriented iron rolling materials a not inconsiderable committee and thus a 1/13 Austrian Patent Office AT 12 739 Ul 2012-10-15
    Increase of the manufacturing costs of magnetic field shielding. This can be avoided with non-grain oriented materials.
    A magnetic field shield having at least one layer made of aluminum and made of welded together plates, ensures a homogeneous electrical conductivity of the existing layer of aluminum, thus leading to an optimized shielding effect for electromagnetic alternating fields, creating an optimal cost-to-shielding is achieved. Through the continuous welding of the abutting and / or overlapping plates, a field concentration resulting from eddy currents can be effectively prevented at the transitions of the plates. Measurements have shown that the welding can increase the shielding effect by a factor of 2 to 5 compared to non-welded plates. In addition, by welding a permanent and secure contact protection of the electrically conductive layer of aluminum can be guaranteed according to the relevant DIN standards to 100%. By welding the plates thus eliminating the grounding of each plate.
    A ferromagnetic material according to claim 2 is inexpensive. Such silicon-iron alloys are available as non-grain oriented electrical sheets. In addition, compared to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, non-grain-oriented electrical steel sheets also have a better corrosion resistance, since these if necessary with an insulation coating of more than 5 pm, in particular more than 10 pm, and especially more than 15 pm thickness and / or a corrosion protection are available. Accordingly, non-grain-oriented electrical sheets are also much better suited for damp installation conditions.
    A non-grain oriented silicon-iron alloy according to claim 3 or 4 has good shielding properties.
    A ferromagnetic material according to claim 5 has a good corrosion resistance to moisture due to the low iron content, so that sheets or plates made therefrom are particularly well suited for wet installation conditions.
    A nickel-iron alloy according to any one of claims 6 to 8 has a good shielding effect.
    A magnetic field shield according to claim 9 has a good shielding effect for electromagnetic alternating fields in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 50 kHz, in particular 1 Hz to 1 kHz. For example, the magnetic field shield may comprise a first layer of a non-grain orientated ferromagnetic material having a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, a second layer of the same or another non-grain oriented ferromagnetic material having a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm and a third layer of aluminum having a thickness of at least 1.0 mm. The at least one aluminum layer breaks the field lines of the electromagnetic alternating field by the generated eddy current effect. The at least one layer consisting of aluminum preferably forms the lower and / or upper, ie an outer covering layer of the magnetic field shield.
    A magnetic field shield according to claim 10 enables targeted shielding of components of the electromagnetic alternating field whose field line direction is constant and known. As a grain-oriented ferromagnetic material, for example, a grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy (electric sheet) can be used. The magnetic field shield may, for example, consist of a first layer of a non-grain-oriented ferromagnetic material having a thickness of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, a second layer of a grain-oriented and corresponding to the field line direction oriented ferromagnetic material having a thickness of 0.2 mm 1.0 mm and a third layer of aluminum with a thickness of at least 1.0 mm. The at least one aluminum layer breaks the field lines of the electromagnetic alternating field by the generated eddy current effect. The at least one layer consisting of aluminum preferably forms the lower and / or upper, ie an outer covering layer of the magnetic field shield. A magnetic field shield according to claim 11 enables a simple welding of the plates. In addition, it is prevented that the plates protrude at their corners by usual unevenness of the ground.
    A magnetic field shield according to claim 12 enables optimized shielding of alternating electromagnetic fields. Preferably, the layer of aluminum made of plates having a thickness of at least 1 mm or at least 2 mm is formed, which form a lower and / or upper cover layer of the magnetic field shield.
    A magnetic field shield according to claim 13 has an optimized shielding effect.
    A magnetic field shield according to claim 14 has optimum shielding properties. The screen factor is defined as the quotient of the unshielded magnetic flux density to the shielded magnetic flux density. The screening factor is achieved in particular in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 kHz. The screening factor is achieved in particular by the combination of the layers. In particular, the at least one layer made of aluminum leads to electromagnetic alternating fields to a significant increase in the screen factor.
    Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of several embodiments. 1 shows a basic illustration of a three-layer magnetic field shield according to a first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a three-layer magnetic field shield according to a second exemplary embodiment, [0022] FIG. 3 shows a basic illustration of a four-layer magnetic field shield according to a third exemplary embodiment 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-layer magnetic field shield according to a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a two-layer magnetic field shield according to a sixth embodiment. [0024] FIG. The magnetic field shield 1 shown in Fig. 1 serves to shield electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 50 kHz. The magnetic field shield 1 is constructed from three layers 2, 3, 4 arranged one above the other in a z-direction. Each of the layers 2, 3, 4 consists of individual plates 5, 6, 7. The plates 5, 6, 7 of the individual layers 2, 3, 4 are stacked against each other and / or overlapping. The plates 5 of the first layer 2 are usually arranged offset to the plates 6 and 7 of the second and third layers 3, 4 in an x and a y direction. Accordingly, the plates 6 of the second layer 3 are usually offset from the plates 7 of the third layer 4 in the x and y directions. The x, y and z directions form a Cartesian coordinate system.
    The plates 5 of the first layer 2 are made of aluminum. The plates 5 are welded together, for example at their abutting edges 8, and form a cover layer of the magnetic field shield 1. The plates 5 have a thickness of at least 1 mm, in particular of at least 2 mm, in the z-direction.
    The plates 6 of the second layer 3 are made of a non-grain oriented ferromagnetic material. The material is, for example, a non-grain oriented silicon-iron alloy having an iron content of at least 90% by weight and a silicon content of at least 2% by weight. The silicon-iron alloy is formed, for example, as a non-grain oriented electrical steel. The non-grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy has a coercive field strength of at most 14 A / m, in particular of at most 12 A / m, and in particular of at most 10 A / m, and magnetization losses at 3/13 Austrian Patent Office AT 12 739 Ul 2012- 10-15 of a magnetic flux density of 1.5 T of at most 4.0 W / kg, more preferably at most 3.0 W / kg, and especially at most 2.0 W / kg.
    Alternatively, the material is, for example, a non-grain oriented, annealed nickel-iron alloy having a nickel content of at least 75% by weight. The non-grain-oriented nickel-iron alloy has a coercive force of at most 12 A / m, in particular of at most 8 A / m, and in particular of at most 4 A / m. In addition, this has an initial permeability of at least 5000, in particular at least 50,000, and in particular of at least 100,000 and a maximum permeability of at least 40,000, in particular at least 90,000, and in particular at least 140,000. The nickel-iron alloy has good corrosion resistance to moisture.
    The plates 6 have a thickness in the z-direction of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, in particular of 0.35 mm.
    The plates 7 of the third layer 4 are formed corresponding to the plates 6 of the second layer 3.
    The magnetic field shield 1 shields DC electromagnetic fields with 0 Hz and electromagnetic alternating fields in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 50 kHz. The layers 3, 4 of the non-grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy have an isotropic electromagnetic conductivity, so that their shielding effect is independent of the field line direction of the electromagnetic field. By welding the plates 5, the first layer 2 is homogeneously electrically conductive, so that field concentrations due to eddy currents at the abutting edges 8 and the transitions are avoided. This leads to a factor of 2 to 5 improved shielding effect in electromagnetic alternating fields. The screening factor of the magnetic field shield 1 is at least 10, in particular at least 20, and in particular at least 30.
    Hereinafter, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2. Structurally identical parts are given the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, to the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a following a. The plates 6a of the second layer 3a are made of a grain-oriented ferromagnetic material. The material is a grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy with an iron content of at least 90% by weight and a silicon content of at least 2% by weight. The silicon-iron alloy is formed, for example, as grain-oriented electrical steel. Due to the grain orientation, the second layer 3a has a preferred direction 9 with regard to its electromagnetic shielding effect. The preferred direction 9 is aligned in accordance with the field line direction of a component of the electromagnetic field to be shielded. As a result, this component can be selectively shielded. With regard to the further mode of operation of the magnetic field shield 1a, reference is made to the preceding exemplary embodiment.
    Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. Structurally identical parts receive the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments, the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a following b. The magnetic field shield 1b has a four-layer structure and, in addition to the layers 2, 3, 4, has a fourth layer 10. The fourth layer 10 consists of a plurality of adjacent and / or overlapping plates 11 arranged abutting one another. The plates 11 are made of aluminum and are formed corresponding to the first layer 2. In particular, the plates 11 may be welded together, so that both the layer 2 and the layer 10 consists of plates 5 and 11 welded together. Alternatively, the layers 2 and 10 may be formed such that in only one of the two layers 2 or 10, the plates 5 and 11 are welded together. The plates 5, 11 have a thickness of at least 1 mm, in particular of at least 2 mm, in the z-direction. The plates 6 and 7 of the second and third layers 3, 4 are made of a non-grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy 4/13
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    Austrian Patent Office AT12 739U1 2012-10-15 according to the previous embodiments. The first layer 2 and the fourth layer 10 form cover layers of the magnetic field shield 1b. The layers 2 and 10 made of aluminum lead to an optimized shielding effect. With regard to the further mode of operation, reference is made to the preceding embodiments. Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. Structurally identical parts receive the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments, the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a c followed. The magnetic field shield 1c is constructed in four layers in accordance with the preceding embodiment, wherein the plates 6c of the second layer 3c consist of a grain-oriented ferromagnetic material. The material is, for example, a grain-oriented silicon-iron-alloy according to the second embodiment. With regard to the further mode of operation of the magnetic field shield 1c, reference is made to the preceding exemplary embodiments. Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. Structurally identical parts receive the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments, the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a d followed. The magnetic field shield 1d has a three-layered structure and has two layers 2 and 4d consisting of aluminum and an intermediate layer 3 made of a non-grain-oriented material. The layers 2, 3 and 4d are formed according to the preceding embodiments. The second layer 3 may consist of a non-grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy or a non-grain-oriented nickel-iron alloy. The plates 7d of the third layer 4d may be welded together. Alternatively, the plates 7d may not be welded when the plates 5 of the first layer 2 are welded. With regard to the further mode of operation, reference is made to the preceding embodiments. Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. Structurally identical parts receive the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments, the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a trailing e. The magnetic field shield 1e is constructed in two layers. The layers 2 and 3 are formed according to the first embodiment. In particular, the second layer 3 is made of a non-grain oriented, annealed nickel-iron alloy. With regard to the further mode of operation, reference is made to the preceding embodiments. The layers 2, 3, 4, 3a, 3c, 4d, 10 can in principle be combined with each other as desired, as long as at least one layer 3, 4 consists of a non-grain-oriented ferromagnetic material. For the shielding of electromagnetic DC fields, a layer 2, 4d, 10 made of aluminum is not absolutely necessary. The shielding of alternating electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 50 kHz requires at least one layer 2, 4d, 10 made of aluminum, wherein the welding of the plates 5, 7d, 11 an improvement of the shielding effect by a factor of 2 to 5 is achieved. The magnetic field shields 1, 1abis thus have an optimal cost-benefit ratio. Claims 1. Magnetic field shield for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0 Hz to 50 kHz with a plurality of superimposed layers (2, 3, 3a, 3c, 4, 4d, 10), wherein at least one layer (3, 4) of a non-grain oriented ferromagnetic material, characterized in that at least one layer (2, 4d, 10) consists of aluminum, which is composed of welded together plates (5, 7d, 11). 5/13 Austrian Patent Office AT12 739U1 2012-10-15
    [2]
    2. Magnetic field shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the ferromagnetic material is a non-grain oriented silicon-iron alloy and has an iron content of at least 90% by weight and a silicon content of at least 2% by weight.
    [3]
    3. magnetic field shield according to claim 2, characterized in that the non-grain oriented silicon-iron alloy has a coercive force of magnitude not more than 14 A / m, in particular of at most 12 A / m, and in particular of at most 10 A / m.
    [4]
    4. magnetic field shield according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the non-grain-oriented silicon-iron alloy Ummagnetisierungsverluste at a magnetic flux density of 1.5 T of at most 4.0 W / kg, in particular of at most 3.0 W / kg , and in particular of at most 2.0 W / kg.
    [5]
    5. Magnetic field shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the ferromagnetic material is a non-grain oriented nickel-iron alloy and has a nickel content of at least 75% by weight.
    [6]
    6. magnetic field shield according to claim 5, characterized in that the non-grain oriented nickel-iron alloy has a coercive force of magnitude at most 12 A / m, in particular of at most 8 A / m, and in particular of at most 4 A / m.
    [7]
    7. magnetic field shield according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the non-grain oriented nickel-iron alloy has an initial permeability of at least 5000, in particular of at least 50,000, and in particular of at least 100,000.
    [8]
    8. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the non-grain oriented nickel-iron alloy has a maximum permeability of at least 40,000, in particular of at least 90,000, and in particular of at least 140,000.
    [9]
    9. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least two layers (3, 4) consist of a non-grain-oriented ferromagnetic material and at least one layer (2, 4d, 10) consists of aluminum.
    [10]
    10. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one layer (3a, 3c) consists of a grain-oriented ferromagnetic material and at least one layer (2, 10) made of aluminum.
    [11]
    11. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the at least one layer consisting of aluminum (2, 4d, 10) forms an outer cover layer.
    [12]
    12. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one layer consisting of aluminum (2, 4d, 10) has a thickness of at least 1 mm, in particular of at least 2 mm, and in particular of at least 4 mm. 6/13 Austrian Patent Office AT12 739U1 2012-10-15
    [13]
    13. magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the layers (2, 3, 3a, 4, 4d, 10) of individual plates (5, 6, 6a, 6c, 7, 7d, 11) are constructed in which at least part of the plates (5, 6, 6a, 6c, 7, 7d, 11) of each layer (2, 3, 3a, 3c, 4d, 10) are joined to the plates (5, 6, 6a, 6c, 7) , 7d, 11) of the further layers (2, 3, 3a, 3c, 4, 4d, 10) are arranged offset in an x and / or a y direction.
    [14]
    14 magnetic field shield according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it has a screen factor of at least 10, in particular of at least 20, and in particular of at least 30. For this 6 sheets drawings 7/13
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    US3714483A|1970-06-03|1973-01-30|Licentia Gmbh|Shield for electrical machines|
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    DE102011056807A1|2011-12-21|2013-06-27|Thyssenkrupp Electrical Steel Gmbh|Magnetic field shield for electromagnetic fields and vehicle with integrated magnetic field shielding|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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